Buddhism and psychiatry constitute a field of growing interest owing to the emergence of mindfulness from Buddhist tradition and the valuable but sometimes unnuanced incorporation of mindfulness-based techniques into contemporary mental healthcare. Buddhist thought also has other links with psychiatry and mental health, separate to the current embrace of mindfulness. These other links are intrinsically valuable, and hold added relevance in an era of mindfulness. These associations and thematic resonances are explored throughout this book in order to bring these connections back to light and further contextualise the recent enthusiasm for mindfulness-based interventions. This book is aimed at readers who are interested in Buddhism, psychiatry, mental health, mindfulness, and meditation. This introduction to the volume discusses the recent emergence of mindfulness in many countries around the world, notes the existence of other links between Buddhist thought, mental healthcare, and psychiatry, and provides an overview of the structure of the book. This book argues that identifying and understanding these links and echoes between Buddhism and psychiatry can help to identify themes of common interest, articulate certain therapeutic approaches with added clarity, and enrich our understandings of both Buddhism and psychiatry.