The daily life of the Aztecs was imbued with spirituality and the religious practices of this polytheistic religion intervened as much in the lives of the common people as in the wealthy classes of society. The religion and religious practices of this people were present at all times of life. These ritual practices and the details of the Aztec pantheon are described in this chapter, many deities being associated with the stars and being represented in zoomorphic or anthropomorphic forms. In the astral religion of the Mexica, the cult of the Sun and its myth were fundamental. The pantheon included many deities whose tasks were essentially to preserve the order of the world and provide assistance to humanity as long as they made the required sacrifices and honored the deities as they deserved. The Aztec pantheon is characterized by a great complexity since it includes more than 150 names of gods and goddesses. This complexity results from the fact that, during the expansion of the Empire, the tutelary deities of the conquered peoples were incorporated into the Aztec pantheon. In the minds of the Aztecs, the gods act essentially according to their skills in a specific field and it is important for human beings to determine the deities involved in this or that situation and to react as adequately as possible through very careful application of rigorous rites in force.