Previous chapters described the concepts of Enterprise Governance of IT and business/IT alignment, as well as the relationship between them. The first chapter explained that the ultimate outcome of enterprise governance of IT is the creation and protection of IT business value. More specifically, enterprise governance of IT enables IT business value, through the mediating mechanisms of business/IT alignment. The concept of IT business value deals with the question “are we getting the benefits out of our IT operations and investments?” This key question is the focal point of this chapter.