The aim of this chapter is to make a fundamental justification for ‘why we resist’ the current obstetric institution and how abolitionist strategy aids in reimagining the future of maternity care. We begin by defining institutional racism, and by drawing on Black feminist texts, we analyse Black women’s experiences of pregnancy and motherhood and the philosophy of abolitionist movements, ultimately conceptualising obstetric violence as a form of carcerality. Prisons do not only exist within walls where bodies are confined, but women’s bodies as well as are sites of carcerality, an embodiment of society’s structural violence against women. This leads to our critical argument about why obstetric violence should be of concern to abolitionist discourse and vice versa, outlining the shared histories of the prison and medical institutions and their leverage over marginalised bodies. We then outline the historical and sociopolitical influences on present-day institutions in the US and UK, providing an overview of how colonial legacies became embedded into the obstetric institution. We conclude the chapter by identifying the overlapping agendas of reproductive justice and abolition feminism, making a case for ‘abolitionist care’ for birth.