The Greek Junta led coup of 15 July 1974 compelled the Turkish intervention of 20 July 1974 under its Treaty of Guarantee obligations. The intervention of Türkiye not only prevented the illegal and unacceptable union of the island with Greece and the intended annihilation of TCs, but also saved moderate GCs from the tyranny of the Junta. It also led to the collapse of the military Junta in Greece. Following the ceasefire agreement of 16 August 1974 the TC side proposed the settlement of the Cyprus issue through the establishment of a bi-communal and bi-zonal federal partnership. To this effect the Legislative Assembly of the Autonomous TC Administration unanimously proclaimed on 13 February 1975 the “TC Federated State”, pending an agreement with the GC side. Unfortunately, on 12 March 1975 the UNSC took resolution 367 in which it regretted the “unilateral decision” of the TCs, ignoring the fact that this was a move aimed at realising an equality-based power sharing deal. In any case, the following negotiations resulted in the Population Exchange Agreement of 2 August 1975 and the High-Level Agreement of 12 February 1977. This Agreement foresaw the establishment of a bi-communal and a bi-zonal Federal Republic.

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Emergence of a New Situation: 15 July 1974 to 12 February 1977

  • Mustafa Ergün Olgun

摘要

The Greek Junta led coup of 15 July 1974 compelled the Turkish intervention of 20 July 1974 under its Treaty of Guarantee obligations. The intervention of Türkiye not only prevented the illegal and unacceptable union of the island with Greece and the intended annihilation of TCs, but also saved moderate GCs from the tyranny of the Junta. It also led to the collapse of the military Junta in Greece. Following the ceasefire agreement of 16 August 1974 the TC side proposed the settlement of the Cyprus issue through the establishment of a bi-communal and bi-zonal federal partnership. To this effect the Legislative Assembly of the Autonomous TC Administration unanimously proclaimed on 13 February 1975 the “TC Federated State”, pending an agreement with the GC side. Unfortunately, on 12 March 1975 the UNSC took resolution 367 in which it regretted the “unilateral decision” of the TCs, ignoring the fact that this was a move aimed at realising an equality-based power sharing deal. In any case, the following negotiations resulted in the Population Exchange Agreement of 2 August 1975 and the High-Level Agreement of 12 February 1977. This Agreement foresaw the establishment of a bi-communal and a bi-zonal Federal Republic.