This chapter deals with two broad themes of climate Justice. The first part evaluates the disparities in the energy transition landscape through the prism of justice. Africa’s approach to the global energy transition is woven around climate justice. For instance, the Continent’s advocacy heavily emphasises climate justice, arguing that the global north bears historical responsibility for greenhouse gas emissions and, consequently, owes financial and technological support to the global south. This chapter argues that whilst this framing has moral validity, its practical outcomes have often been limited. One of the central themes of this chapter is to critically examine why an over-reliance on climate justice framing has been counterproductive for Africa. The chapter also proposes a more balanced strategy where Africa leverages its energy transition resources and opportunities to achieve its goals. This is referred to as a resource-based approach. The second theme of climate justice that is dealt with in this chapter focuses on the concept of energy justice. The discourse on climate justice has rightly positioned Africa as a victim of the global north’s historical and current greenhouse gas emissions. However, the concept of energy justice, which emphasises equitable access to energy as a fundamental human right, presents an equally critical challenge for Africa. The chapter argues that while advocating for global climate justice, African countries must also confront the paradox that millions of their people, especially in rural areas, lack access to modern energy services. Solving this problem is not just morally justified but also anchored on pragmatic considerations, as ensuring energy access across all strata of the populace is crucial to Africa’s development.