A distinct microbial ecosystem known as the plastisphere has emerged as a result of the widespread plastic pollution in the marine environment. It has negative effects on human health, ecosystem functioning, biodiversity, and marine ecosystems, making it a serious threat to these environments. It is made up of microbial communities that live and infect the surfaces of plastic waste in aquatic environments. Comprehending the full extent of the ecological impact of plastic pollution requires an understanding of the prevalence and distribution of the plastisphere. An overview of the state of our understanding of the plastisphere is given in this study, with particular attention to its formation, dynamics, ecological significance, difficulties, and future possibilities. The present study examines the factors that influence the prevalence and distribution of the plastisphere, taking into account the type of plastic, environmental conditions, and geographic location, through a synthesis of existing literature. The plastisphere’s ecological ramifications are also explored, including its function in the cycling of nutrients, biogeochemical changes, and the movement of contaminants and potentially dangerous microbes. Regarding the precise makeup and ecological ramifications of the plastisphere, there are still unknowns. Given this, the difficulties in researching the plastisphere are also emphasized, along with suggestions for future lines of inquiry to deepen our knowledge of this puzzling ecological phenomenon. This chapter aims to inform strategies for mitigating plastic pollution and preserving the integrity and health of marine ecosystems for future generations by illuminating the plastisphere.