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This chapter of the book zooms out to give the advanced readers an overview of different approaches by which design participation is carried out. There has been dramatic growth in the ways of involving users in various product, service, space, and systems development activities. Various categorizations, listings, and mappings have been proposed for making sense of this user-involvement landscape. The chapter first introduces the main types of currently available clarificatory mappings of design for, with, and by users, as well as the shortcomings associated with them. It then builds on this analysis to elaborate how such mappings could be better organized in the future, stressing the importance of distinguishing between techniques, methods, methodologies, and approaches. While sensible mappings are difficult if not impossible to ever achieve regarding techniques and methods due to their fluctuating status in design activities, wider approaches to designer–user relations configured in time and space appear to be amenable to meaningful differentiation. The chapter consequently proceeds to elaborate a typology of nine approach-level user-involvement configurations based on resemblance relations and prototypicality between the methodologies within them. User-innovation communities, hybrid-innovation communities, (host) coordinated user design, design-in-use, collocated collaborative design, human-centered and UX design, designer immersion, and user inspiration are outlined regarding their predominant designer–user configuration. The final analyses in the chapter discuss the different positions that designers and users hold in each and use the designer–user configurations to elaborate how many key research areas within design participation—exemplified by user-innovation research, participatory design, and service design—factually span several approaches and thus, again, are likely not the best units to make sense of the user-involvement landscape and its evolution per se. Yet the designer–user configurations help to better understand their different profiles and complementarities in between.

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Zooming Out to Map Participation Approaches Through Producer–User Configurations

  • 章节

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Sampsa Hyysalo

摘要

This chapter of the book zooms out to give the advanced readers an overview of different approaches by which design participation is carried out. There has been dramatic growth in the ways of involving users in various product, service, space, and systems development activities. Various categorizations, listings, and mappings have been proposed for making sense of this user-involvement landscape. The chapter first introduces the main types of currently available clarificatory mappings of design for, with, and by users, as well as the shortcomings associated with them. It then builds on this analysis to elaborate how such mappings could be better organized in the future, stressing the importance of distinguishing between techniques, methods, methodologies, and approaches. While sensible mappings are difficult if not impossible to ever achieve regarding techniques and methods due to their fluctuating status in design activities, wider approaches to designer–user relations configured in time and space appear to be amenable to meaningful differentiation. The chapter consequently proceeds to elaborate a typology of nine approach-level user-involvement configurations based on resemblance relations and prototypicality between the methodologies within them. User-innovation communities, hybrid-innovation communities, (host) coordinated user design, design-in-use, collocated collaborative design, human-centered and UX design, designer immersion, and user inspiration are outlined regarding their predominant designer–user configuration. The final analyses in the chapter discuss the different positions that designers and users hold in each and use the designer–user configurations to elaborate how many key research areas within design participation—exemplified by user-innovation research, participatory design, and service design—factually span several approaches and thus, again, are likely not the best units to make sense of the user-involvement landscape and its evolution per se. Yet the designer–user configurations help to better understand their different profiles and complementarities in between.