This chapter analyses the primary intellectual currents influenced by Paretian thought. While Pareto is best-known for his contributions to economics, his work has also profoundly influenced the fields of psychology, sociology, and political science. The chapter begins by discussing how Paretian studies have impacted the development of rational choice theory, as reflected in the works of Hicks, Allen, and Samuelson. It then explores the relationship between Paretian epistemology, behaviourist psychology, and the ‘discovered preference’ hypothesis advanced by several experimental economists. Next, the focus shifts to the ‘Harvard Pareto Circle’, an intellectual movement initiated in the 1930s by physiologist and biochemist Henderson, which drew inspiration from Pareto’s concepts of system and equilibrium. The chapter concludes by considering two contemporary research areas closely tied to aspects of Paretian thought: the sociology of emotions and emerging approaches to the study of elites.