This chapter explores the social determinants of health and their impact on patients’ health outcomes, focusing on the field of rheumatology. The chapter emphasizes the importance of addressing social determinants of health (SDOH) alongside clinical interventions to achieve health equity. It highlights that SDOH, such as access to basic needs like housing, transportation, and social support, can significantly affect a patient’s ability to follow prescribed treatment regimens. The chapter also discusses the regulatory guidance from various accrediting and regulatory bodies, including Healthy People 2030, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, and the Joint Commission, which emphasize the assessment and addressing of SDOH in healthcare organizations. It provides practical strategies for implementing SDOH screening, including integrating it into patient-provider relationships and establishing standardized organization-wide collection processes. The chapter concludes with considerations for workflow design and intervention strategies for patients who screen positive for social needs.