In this chapter, the focus shifts to Indonesia’s semi-controlled public–private media framing. A total of 206 articles, published between 2016 and 2021 in both Indonesian and English on the most-read online platforms, are analysed. Similar to the Vietnamese case, the TSD chapters do not significantly shape the EU’s trade identity as benevolent. Indonesia’s media presents a dual framing of the EU, oscillating between benevolence and predatory behaviour. Benevolent framing emerges from the EU’s capacity-building efforts and references to individual EU countries, driven by developmental thinking that dominates the media narrative. However, a predatory framing surfaces when disputes escalate over Indonesia’s major export products, particularly palm oil. The TSD chapters are more systematically referenced in Indonesia, particularly regarding the EU’s attempts to integrate sustainable palm oil production into the agreement. However, as the EU progresses with the RED II, the image of the EU as a predatory hegemon becomes more pronounced, with the Netherlands playing a prominent role in this negative portrayal. This framing aligns with an anti-hegemonic resistance nationalism that fuels hostilities towards the EU. Despite this, the predatory image does not hinder the conclusion of the trade agreement; rather, it is reframed over time as a benevolent partnership.

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Indonesia’s Swinging Pendulum: Between Benevolence and Predation

  • Camille Nessel

摘要

In this chapter, the focus shifts to Indonesia’s semi-controlled public–private media framing. A total of 206 articles, published between 2016 and 2021 in both Indonesian and English on the most-read online platforms, are analysed. Similar to the Vietnamese case, the TSD chapters do not significantly shape the EU’s trade identity as benevolent. Indonesia’s media presents a dual framing of the EU, oscillating between benevolence and predatory behaviour. Benevolent framing emerges from the EU’s capacity-building efforts and references to individual EU countries, driven by developmental thinking that dominates the media narrative. However, a predatory framing surfaces when disputes escalate over Indonesia’s major export products, particularly palm oil. The TSD chapters are more systematically referenced in Indonesia, particularly regarding the EU’s attempts to integrate sustainable palm oil production into the agreement. However, as the EU progresses with the RED II, the image of the EU as a predatory hegemon becomes more pronounced, with the Netherlands playing a prominent role in this negative portrayal. This framing aligns with an anti-hegemonic resistance nationalism that fuels hostilities towards the EU. Despite this, the predatory image does not hinder the conclusion of the trade agreement; rather, it is reframed over time as a benevolent partnership.