Repair of Supports of the Aboveground Part of the Main Pipeline
摘要
The paper considers the problem of lifting the above-ground part of a main pipeline above the supports for repair work. To solve this problem, a mathematical model is used that takes into account operational loads, structural features of the pipeline, as well as the possibility of elastic and rigid movement of the supports. The model describes the peculiarities of the above-ground part, where the pipeline is free to rest on individual supports. At the same time, the part is exposed to mechanical loads, elastic deformations, and external factors, which causes the necessity of periodic repair of the supports. The above-ground part of the main pipeline is inextricably linked to its underground part and rests on soil with elasticity deformations. This combination causes additional displacements of the pipeline, which can significantly affect its strength. The paper analyzes the change in bending-moment stresses when the pipeline is lifted above the supports. It is shown that lifting the pipeline can lead to critical compressive stresses that exceed the permissible value, increasing the risk of plastic deformations, defects such as cracks, corrugations in pipes, etc. To prevent damage and to ensure the necessary displacements, a method of synchronized lifting of the pipeline over several neighboring supports is proposed. The necessary calculations were performed on the example of a three-support overhead crossing. The reactions of the supports and the acting loads in the aboveground part of the pipeline were calculated. It is established that the lifting of only one support does not provide the required strength, since this leads to an exceeding of permissible compressive stresses. The optimal value of the central support lifting for the considered aboveground part of the main pipeline is determined, which allows compensating for the displacement during the repair of the outer supports as well as ensuring the reliability of the system.