Even though the relationship between VUR and conditions such as the neurogenic bladder and posterior urethral valves is clear we know less regarding the importance of LUT function in primary VUR. Still, studies indicate that LUT dysfunction, mainly detrusor overactivity or voiding dysfunction, is indeed overrepresented in infants and children with VUR and that treatment of the bladder may increase the chance for spontaneous VUR resolution. This may influence the management especially of infants with febrile UTIs and dilating VUR.