This chapter traces the profile of social media from a global perspective and in the Nigerian context, social media use in Nigeria during campaigns, social media and political communication, and political participation through social media. It is argues that social media has transformed the landscape of electoral politics by reshaping how political information is produced, disseminated and consumed. The chapter explores the growing influence of social media platforms in election processes and highlights their role in mobilizing voters, framing political narratives and enabling direct interaction between candidates and the electorate. Unlike traditional media, social media allows for rapid, decentralized communication, which has empowered political campaigns and grassroots movements alike. However, it also raises significant concerns, including the spread of algorithm-driven echo chambers, data privacy violations and the manipulation of public opinion through coordinated disinformation campaigns. The chapter examines both the democratic potential and the risks associated with social media in electoral contexts, drawing on global and local case studies to illustrate its dual impact. The chapter provides balance in the analysis of how social media continues to reshape electoral dynamics, citizen engagement and the broader democratic experience in the digital age.