This chapter provides a comprehensive exploration of light backscattering imaging (LBI) theory, equipment setup, image analysis techniques, and practical applications in food quality assessment and post-harvest process monitoring. It begins with the theoretical foundations of LBI, explaining the physics of light interaction with biological materials and the generation of backscattered signals. Essential equipment for LBI, such as light sources, detectors, and imaging systems, is discussed, emphasizing their roles in capturing and analyzing backscattered light. Additionally, it covers advanced image analysis methodologies tailored for LBI data processing, including feature extraction, pattern recognition, and quantitative analysis of food characteristics. Real-world applications of LBI in non-destructive food quality analysis are highlighted, encompassing the evaluation of freshness, ripeness of fruits and vegetables, and assessment of internal quality parameters such as moisture content, texture, and chemical composition. This chapter serves as a valuable resource for researchers, engineers, and practitioners interested in leveraging LBI for non-invasive food quality assessment and control.