To understand the right technique to be used in breast plastic surgery, it is helpful to know how the gland is composed, how it is fed by the circulatory system, and how it keeps its shape by ligaments and connective tissue. The aim of this chapter is to give the element to plan the right type of surgery for the defect that has to be corrected. Main consideration has to be given to arterial vascularization and ligament implant. Breast cancer is the most frequent in women in all age groups, affecting approximately one in eight women. Women currently have very effective methods for the early diagnosis of breast cancer, first and foremost mammography, ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging, supported by other more recently introduced investigations such as tomosynthesis (DBT) and mammography with iodinated contrast (CEM). This chapter will describe the diagnostic paths of women with reconstructive prosthetic implants after oncological or aesthetic pathologies, highlighting the peculiarities of each investigation method. Furthermore, all typical signs of possible prosthetic breakages will be described in the integrated imaging.The presence of prosthetic implants does not represent a problem for the regular oncological screening of patients.