Indigenous peoples’ rights and knowledges are strikingly absent in the Global Sustainability Goals (SDGs). They are only briefly mentioned in two targets. This chapter explores the dilemmas within the SDGs, specifically focusing on the targets related to clean energy and nature conservation from an Indigenous perspective, using case studies from the Sámi people in Sápmi, the Fenno-Scandinavian Arctic homelands. Clean energy, particularly wind power and mining are critical renewable energy sources for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and mitigating climate change. Simultaneously, the traditional knowledge of Indigenous Sámi can offer valuable insights and solutions that balance the imperative for clean energy with the preservation of vital ecosystems and Indigenous ways of life.