This chapter analyses policy documents on social mediasocial media regulation in NigeriaNigeria. It provides the backdrop that aids the understanding of my discussion in subsequent chapters. The analysis in the present chapter is based on the policy component of the methodology, through which I present not just an overview of the policy context for social media regulation, but also the stated and underlying motives. The chapter begins by laying its argument, which is the strugglestruggle between two divergent policy approaches to regulation: one that is security-centred and another that is freedom-centred. It establishes how civil society groups and digital rights advocates orchestrate this struggle using legislative means. After this, it considers the content and motives in the standard-setting provisions of relevant legislations, before discussing the content and motives of their enforcement provisions. Given my argument on the policy struggle, I have gone with a comparative analytical approach. The result is an in-depth comparison that can feel dense in some places. Hence, of all the chapters in the book, this chapter requires the most careful attention for an understanding of the policy context upon which I base my sub-arguments in the chapters that follow.