This chapter introduces various approaches to bilingual programs in EFL contexts. The chapter discusses how these programs are developed, their relevance to bilingual education in general, and their different theoretical stances concerning bilingualism. Reviewing the approaches and theoretical stances, the chapter then aims to critically discuss the main tenets of bilingual programs in EFL contexts and provide examples of different approaches to bilingual programs. With a specific focus on defining monoglossic approaches to bilingualism, the chapter argues that such approaches have been inadequate to create optimal learning conditions for all students. By raising awareness of the limits of monoglossic approaches and highlighting the benefits of bilingual students’ fluid language practices, the chapter elaborates on heteroglossic approaches to bilingual programs, describing how these take as their starting point the fluid language practices in which bilinguals continually engage. The focus then switches to how to develop heteroglossic spaces to support bilingual programs. In so doing, the chapter explains the positioning of EFL considering the prevailing division between monoglossic and heteroglossic approaches.