Chapter 8: Different Types of Friendship in Plato’s Republic
摘要
This chapter deals with friendship as it is described in the Republic, with the goal of identifying the different types of friendship that can exist in each of the five types of government described in Book IV, and what types of friendship the personification of each of these types can establish. From the ideal version of friendship that is hinted at in Book I and later located in the ideal city of Kallipolis, to the almost purely utilitarian friendship displayed by the tyrant. The main claim of the text is that the ideal friendship we can surmise from the description of Kallipolis, and the philosopher-kings inhabiting this city, have different aspects to it that we can identify to varying degree in each of the other regimes. The examination concludes that the city that allows for friendships most akin to the ones found in Kallipolis is the democratic city.