I argue that Plato portrays and refutes some common Greek conceptions of friendship, what I call the Greek Folk Theory of Philia. The Folk Theory of Philia posits two interconnected ideas: firstly, that the pederastic practices strengthen political trust and democracy, and secondly, that friendship fosters agreement and political consensus, contributing to a stable state. Drawing primarily from the dialogues The Alcibiades, The Symposium, The Republic, and the Apology, this analysis aims to elucidate Plato’s critical stance on the Folk Theory of Friendship. Central to the discourse is the historical and dramatic character of Alcibiades, serving as achallenge to the Folk Theory of Philia. The chapter contends that Alcibiades functions as a key to understanding Plato’s ideas on philia. This idea influences the selection of dialogues examined. The narrative of the relationship between Alcibiades and Socrates is explored in these dialogues, except for in the Republic, which is taken to be intertwined with The Alcibiades. In conclusion, this chapter critically examines the Greek Folk Theory of Philia in light of Plato’s philosophical insights, shedding light on the nuanced and complex relationship between friendship and political stability in ancient Greece.