Stigma and Diagnostic Overshadowing in People with Mental Disorder and Substance Addiction
摘要
In the healthcare system, stigma toward people with substance use disorders (SUD) manifests in various ways. Social or public stigma refers to prejudices and negative stereotypes that society projects onto these individuals, affecting their access to medical resources. Structural or institutional stigma arises from policies and practices within institutions that perpetuate discrimination, limiting the quality of care these patients receive. Provider stigma is observed when health professionals treat these patients with paternalistic or negative attitudes, which affects diagnosis and treatment. Finally, self-stigma occurs when individuals internalize these negative attitudes, which can lower their self-esteem and prevent them from seeking help. These types of stigmas create significant barriers to accessing health services, causing many patients to avoid or interrupt treatment, despite the existence of effective interventions.