Childcare robots are robotic devices designed to assist parents and caregivers in taking care of children. These robots can be equipped with various features such as telepresence and other remote monitoring capabilities, functions for entertainment and interactive play, educational content, and basic caregiving functions such as feeding or changing diapers. An application area of special interest focuses on supporting parenting in dual-income home environments, where both parents work and have limited time to be with their children and perform parenting tasks. In this paper, we discuss risks and benefits of childcare robots with the goal of identifying key factors relevant to the assessment of robotic childcare from psychological, neuroscientific, ethical, cultural, and sociopolitical perspectives. We propose a three-dimensional approach to the assessment of robotic childcare in terms of three distinct perspectives: type, context, and extent. Specifically, we focus primarily on the child’s perspective and argue for the relevance of considering (1) the nature of the physical body of the child’s caretaker, including the presence versus absence of a mind, that notably permits (or not) mutual psychological relationships; and (2) the effects that the introduction of robotic childcare may have on the broader cultural, economic, and sociopolitical context.