Silent Echoes and Deafening Silence: A Mixed Methods Evaluation of Trauma Journalism in Nigeria’s Ethno-Religious Crises
摘要
Journalists who cover conflicts and crisis situations are exposed to many stressors that can exert considerable negative effects on their emotional well-being, leading to feelings of trauma. Such traumas persist even after the journalists have relocated to normal lives out of the crisis situations. The rate of posttraumatic stress disorders (PTSD) among journalists who have worked in crisis situations approaches those of combat veterans. It exceeds fivefold the rate in the general population (in the US). Trauma journalism is getting the deserved attention because of the realization that journalists are not immune to PTSD and that their well-being can affect their work, which is an essential service in many communities. In Africa, although journalists and the public are silent about the dangers of trauma journalism, the consequences are echoing in the preventable negative effects. African journalists do not necessarily have less experience of trauma as a result of covering tragic and violent crisis situations, even though there is less attention to trauma journalism in Africa. This study of trauma journalism in Nigeria used an online survey, in-depth personal interviews, an online focus group discussion, and critical incident analysis methods to collect qualitative and quantitative data that addressed two research questions on the nature and prevalence of trauma journalism and the most important stressors and causes. The results showed that trauma is prevalent among Nigerian journalists, and the most important stressors are prevalent insecurity and the absence of mechanisms for redress. Many journalists affirm the strong belief that solutions should come from multiple stakeholders. We highlight the need for further research and offer suggestions for pan-African research endeavors that can close the gaps in our knowledge of trauma journalism in Africa.