Masses arising in the orbit with well-defined spatial characteristics that make them subject to simple enucleation are referred to as intraorbital space-occupying lesions (ISOLs). Unlike malignent processes, which are treated with invasive surgery that often involves orbital exenteration, ISOLs are the optimal candidates for image-guided driven surgery with a selective, organ-sparing, approach. Virtual surgical planning (VSP) has enabled unprecedented presurgical study of these lesions, allowing to tailor precise resection plans that are either based on customized marginotomies of the superior-lateral orbital rim or definition of endoscopic pathways, especially for the inferior-medial division. However, even in malignant pathology, VSP is essential as it enables to optimally study resection margins, which can be navigated, making the surgery oncologically appropriate and at the same time decreasing unnecessary invasiveness. This chapter presents a comprehensive overview of such techniques applied in the field of orbital oncology, from simple ISOL enucleation, to extended orbital resections.

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Virtual Surgical Planning in Orbital Oncology

  • Alessandro Tel,
  • Massimo Robiony

摘要

Masses arising in the orbit with well-defined spatial characteristics that make them subject to simple enucleation are referred to as intraorbital space-occupying lesions (ISOLs). Unlike malignent processes, which are treated with invasive surgery that often involves orbital exenteration, ISOLs are the optimal candidates for image-guided driven surgery with a selective, organ-sparing, approach. Virtual surgical planning (VSP) has enabled unprecedented presurgical study of these lesions, allowing to tailor precise resection plans that are either based on customized marginotomies of the superior-lateral orbital rim or definition of endoscopic pathways, especially for the inferior-medial division. However, even in malignant pathology, VSP is essential as it enables to optimally study resection margins, which can be navigated, making the surgery oncologically appropriate and at the same time decreasing unnecessary invasiveness. This chapter presents a comprehensive overview of such techniques applied in the field of orbital oncology, from simple ISOL enucleation, to extended orbital resections.