For elementary school children, the concept of distance is easier to comprehend (i.e., from one point to another). However, ask the same child what an angle is, and one soon realizes that it is not easy to define. Over several years of teaching both undergraduate engineering and surveying students, we have noticed that even at this level, students still have difficulties in differentiating angles, directions and bearings, essential tools needed for computations. This chapter, therefore, assumes no previous knowledge and proceeds to introduce angles and bearings. The relationship between them is highlighted and how to calculate forward and back bearing presented. Following this chapter, the students should understand that angles are measurable quantities that must be converted into bearing (i.e., known directions measured from the north) for them to be useful in computing coordinates (positions).

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Angles and Bearings

  • John Walker,
  • Joseph Awange

摘要

For elementary school children, the concept of distance is easier to comprehend (i.e., from one point to another). However, ask the same child what an angle is, and one soon realizes that it is not easy to define. Over several years of teaching both undergraduate engineering and surveying students, we have noticed that even at this level, students still have difficulties in differentiating angles, directions and bearings, essential tools needed for computations. This chapter, therefore, assumes no previous knowledge and proceeds to introduce angles and bearings. The relationship between them is highlighted and how to calculate forward and back bearing presented. Following this chapter, the students should understand that angles are measurable quantities that must be converted into bearing (i.e., known directions measured from the north) for them to be useful in computing coordinates (positions).