This chapter introduces the concept of performance, which alongside ecology and community is one of three theoretical contexts for this book. It focuses on understandings of performance in relation to the environment, noting that our relationship with the land is one that is performative. We start by considering how the felling of the Sycamore Gap tree in 2023 has been performatively framed, before tracking back to more historical representations of the environment, such as the classical pastoral, its early modern reincarnation, and the mediaeval traditions of Robin Hood. In the later part of the chapter we turn to the performance theories of Richard Schechner and Erving Goffman, and then to contemporary performance ecology as introduced by figures such as Baz Kershaw and Bonnie Marranca. We note that it is through performative dynamics that we represent the land with/in which we live and the relationship(s) we have with it.