The proposed work tries to fulfil the demand for smart, miniaturized and bifunctional metasurface (BMS) in the terahertz (THz) regime. The BMS works as a tunable absorber as well as a refractive index (RI) sensor. The tuning range from 2.29 to 2.86 THz has been achieved in the case of the tunable absorber, whereas the sensitivity (S) and quality factor (Q) of 0.3 THz/RIU and 5.45, respectively, have been achieved in the case of RI sensor. Excellent angular stability for different incidence angles ( \(\theta \) ) and insensitivity to the polarization angle ( \(\phi \) ) make the proposed BMS a practical THz device. The thickness of BMS is only \(\lambda _0\) /65.5, and its periodicity is \(\lambda _0\) /13.1, which helps BMS to be used in compact THz systems. The complementary nature of unit cell design, including both resonant graphene pattern and hexagonal slot, helps the metasurface to respond to both the components of an incident plane wave. For the proposed design, the machine learning-based prediction model achieves a root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.03781 and an \(\text {R}^2\) value of 0.9918, underscoring its effectiveness for precise refractive index sensing. Apart from electromagnetic shielding and sensing applications, the proposed device could also be used for radar cross-section (RCS) reduction, THz imaging, energy harvesting, etc.

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Bifunctional Tunable Metasurface for Terahertz Shielding and Refractive Index Sensing Using a Machine Learning Based Prediction Model

  • Naveen Kumar Maurya,
  • Prakash Pareek,
  • G. Challa Ram,
  • Kanuri Srinivas

摘要

The proposed work tries to fulfil the demand for smart, miniaturized and bifunctional metasurface (BMS) in the terahertz (THz) regime. The BMS works as a tunable absorber as well as a refractive index (RI) sensor. The tuning range from 2.29 to 2.86 THz has been achieved in the case of the tunable absorber, whereas the sensitivity (S) and quality factor (Q) of 0.3 THz/RIU and 5.45, respectively, have been achieved in the case of RI sensor. Excellent angular stability for different incidence angles ( \(\theta \) ) and insensitivity to the polarization angle ( \(\phi \) ) make the proposed BMS a practical THz device. The thickness of BMS is only \(\lambda _0\) /65.5, and its periodicity is \(\lambda _0\) /13.1, which helps BMS to be used in compact THz systems. The complementary nature of unit cell design, including both resonant graphene pattern and hexagonal slot, helps the metasurface to respond to both the components of an incident plane wave. For the proposed design, the machine learning-based prediction model achieves a root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.03781 and an \(\text {R}^2\) value of 0.9918, underscoring its effectiveness for precise refractive index sensing. Apart from electromagnetic shielding and sensing applications, the proposed device could also be used for radar cross-section (RCS) reduction, THz imaging, energy harvesting, etc.