In this paper, the economical lowest cost of microgrid clusters is studied. This paper proposes a method to solve the minimum operation and maintenance cost of microgrid clusters with the highest economic benefit based on the optimal scheduling model of the lowest economic cost of the microgrid clusters. The innovation point of this method is to ensure the economic benefits of the relevant enterprises to the greatest extent on the basis of promoting the use of renewable resources and environmental protection, there by making more enterprises participate in the action of power resources and environmental protection. Firstly, the optimization objective of this article is selected and the objective function is constructed. Then, the improved butterfly optimization algorithm is used to solve the objective function. Finally, the proposed method is experimentally tested. The test results show that in island mode, the optimized butterfly algorithm has the fastest optimization speed, and it begins to converge around the 10th iteration, and the lowest output cost is 4188.43 yuan. In grid connected operation mode, the improved butterfly algorithm begins to converge around the 8th iteration, with a minimum output cost of 3702.54 yuan. Compared with the traditional butterfly optimization algorithm, particle swarm optimization algorithm and whale optimization algorithm, the optimization speed is the fastest, the lowest cost solved by the economic lowest cost optimization scheduling model for microgrid clusters is the least, and economic benefit is the highest.