The unlawful disposal of waste into water resources and the growing demand for accessible and purified water are the primary obstacles to living beings. There is a pressing need of efficient wastewater treatment technologies to withstand these obstacles. The use of nanotechnology is becoming more prevalent in the practice of wastewater remediation. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been intensively researched because of their exceptional stability as compared to other metals. AgNPs are often produced by the use of chemical reducing agents that convert metal ions into nanoparticles with no charge. Multiple endeavours were undertaken to establish green synthesis techniques in order to circumvent the utilization of perilous substances. Various extraction routes from plant parts are maceration, extraction using solvent, microwave-assisted extraction, and ultrasound assisted extraction are discussed. The chapter also focuses on the green synthesis of AgNPs through various routes such as polysaccharide method, tollens method, irradiation method and microwave-assisted synthesis. In addition, the performance of the green synthesized AgNPs and their composites was examined, with a particular focus on the possible applications in the remediation of wastewater from emerging contaminants and microbes.