After decades of marine soundscape studies, general knowledge has increased worldwide. However, some places remain less studied. The Todos os Santos Bay (BTS—Baia de Todos os Santos), in the Northeastern Brazil, is one of these places. This area encompasses a highly biodiverse ecosystem, associated with urbanized environments, but only a few acoustic studies have been conducted so far. The present work presents a review of soundscape studies conducted inside the BTS and coastal surroundings, highlighting new discoveries and future challenges. Sound recordings were made using a portable system (HTI 96 min hydrophone connected to a Tascam DR40) from a sailboat covering a range of sites and locations. Guiana dolphins, humpback whales, fish, and invertebrate species were the main contributors to the soundscape biophony with boat and ship noise plus explosive fishing practices contributing to the anthrophony. This work characterizes the soundscape that can be utilized to monitor anthropogenic impacts in the future, considering the BTS as one hotspot to be preserved. It is crucial to secure research funding from industry enterprises which somehow may affect the bay’s natural environment, besides the development of partnerships to better understand the lesser-known hotspot areas across the globe.

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Less Is More for Marine Conservation: A Decade of Soundscape Knowledge from Baia De Todos Os Santos, Brazil

  • Marcos R. Rossi-Santos,
  • Victor Melo-Souza

摘要

After decades of marine soundscape studies, general knowledge has increased worldwide. However, some places remain less studied. The Todos os Santos Bay (BTS—Baia de Todos os Santos), in the Northeastern Brazil, is one of these places. This area encompasses a highly biodiverse ecosystem, associated with urbanized environments, but only a few acoustic studies have been conducted so far. The present work presents a review of soundscape studies conducted inside the BTS and coastal surroundings, highlighting new discoveries and future challenges. Sound recordings were made using a portable system (HTI 96 min hydrophone connected to a Tascam DR40) from a sailboat covering a range of sites and locations. Guiana dolphins, humpback whales, fish, and invertebrate species were the main contributors to the soundscape biophony with boat and ship noise plus explosive fishing practices contributing to the anthrophony. This work characterizes the soundscape that can be utilized to monitor anthropogenic impacts in the future, considering the BTS as one hotspot to be preserved. It is crucial to secure research funding from industry enterprises which somehow may affect the bay’s natural environment, besides the development of partnerships to better understand the lesser-known hotspot areas across the globe.