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This study used Passive Acoustic Monitoring (PAM) to detect the acoustic presence of bearded seals (Erignathus barbatus) in Kongsfjorden, Svalbard Islands,Svalbard Islands, Norway from January to June 2023. The research aimed to monitor the vocal presence throughout the months and assess the relation between environmental features and vocal activity. Three previously undocumented vocalization variants were observed and attributed to bearded seals. Vocal activity peaked from March to mid-April, decreased during major ice melt in late April, and resumed before declining in June, indicating a strong link between vocal behavior and sea ice conditions. Bearded seals called throughout all hours of the day, but preferred nighttime and, secondly, twilight hours for vocalizations. Statistical models revealed preferences for areas of low turbidity, high fluorescence, and moderate-to-high ice concentration. These findings highlight the importance of available sea ice platforms during the annual period of vocal displays, underscoring the vulnerability of bearded seals to climate-driven changes in environmental conditions. Continuous acoustic monitoring is essential to track long-term behavioral adaptations and inform conservation strategies in the face of ongoing Arctic warming.

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Insights into the Acoustic Occurrence and Relation with Environmental Variability of the Bearded Seal in Kongsfjorden (Svalbard Islands, Norway)

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  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Isotta Zanettovich,
  • Maria Ceraulo,
  • Giuseppa Buscaino,
  • Elena Papale

摘要

This study used Passive Acoustic Monitoring (PAM) to detect the acoustic presence of bearded seals (Erignathus barbatus) in Kongsfjorden, Svalbard Islands,Svalbard Islands, Norway from January to June 2023. The research aimed to monitor the vocal presence throughout the months and assess the relation between environmental features and vocal activity. Three previously undocumented vocalization variants were observed and attributed to bearded seals. Vocal activity peaked from March to mid-April, decreased during major ice melt in late April, and resumed before declining in June, indicating a strong link between vocal behavior and sea ice conditions. Bearded seals called throughout all hours of the day, but preferred nighttime and, secondly, twilight hours for vocalizations. Statistical models revealed preferences for areas of low turbidity, high fluorescence, and moderate-to-high ice concentration. These findings highlight the importance of available sea ice platforms during the annual period of vocal displays, underscoring the vulnerability of bearded seals to climate-driven changes in environmental conditions. Continuous acoustic monitoring is essential to track long-term behavioral adaptations and inform conservation strategies in the face of ongoing Arctic warming.