Both freshwater and marine turtles are vulnerable to anthropogenic noise, an increasingly large component of underwater soundscapes. While there is a growing understanding of turtle sound use, there are few data on the potential auditory impacts of underwater sound exposure. This review summarizes recent studies that demonstrated that sound can induce underwater temporary threshold shifts (TTS) in two species of freshwater turtles [red-eared sliders (Trachemys scripta elegans) and Eastern painted turtles (Chrysemys picta picta)], with frequency-dependent shifts as high as 40 dB for both species. The TTS onset data and empirical models of TTS growth are vital to address auditory noise impacts for protected freshwater and sea turtle taxa. Overall, these results underscore that turtle ears are surprisingly susceptible to sound exposure with shifts higher than originally predicted, upward frequency shifts similar to mammals, and indicate that intermittent noise may mitigate TTS. The chapter then considers gaps in understanding the susceptibility of sea turtles to sound exposure and outlines future data needs. The noted TTS susceptibility emphasizes the importance of understanding auditory impacts to turtles from different noise types, reflecting the varied sound characteristics of underwater noise, and the goal of developing empirically based noise pollution guidelines for turtles.