In the process of modernization, the rights and needs of children in community public spaces have increasingly become a focal point of societal attention. The design of children’s public spaces reflects the overall fairness and harmony of the community. However, with the rapid development of cities, the distribution of spatial resources may exhibit inequities, directly affecting the quality of life for different social groups. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct in-depth research on the design of community children’s public spaces from the perspective of fairness, integrating the TAM model to explore the interaction design issues of public spaces. This will help to reasonably enhance the quality of spatial provision, optimize residents’ living environments, and promote the realization of social equity. This study focuses on community children’s public spaces in Xiamen, Fujian Province, aiming to transform traditional communities into child-friendly environments. Based on the principle of fairness, three dimensions are proposed for spatial design: social fairness, resource fairness, and opportunity fairness. The TAM model is used to identify the key attributes that drive users’ satisfaction with the community environment, thereby constructing a model for the usage intentions of community children’s public spaces. Through surveys and interviews, specific opinions and suggestions from residents regarding space usage are collected, providing foundational data for improving interaction design. The study focuses on human-computer interaction elements, exploring how interaction design can enhance user experience. Based on a systematic analysis of public space satisfaction evaluation results, scientific design strategies are proposed. The aim of this study is to chart a path for the future development of child-friendly communities, providing scientific support for the planning and management of children’s public spaces, and offering data-driven directions for their evolution and improvement.