Analysis of Laughter Breathing Movements and the Effectiveness of Breathing Guidance Methods for Laughter Facilitation
摘要
Laughter has been shown to have beneficial effects on both mental and physical health, such as activating natural killer (NK) cells, a type of immune cell, and reducing cortisol levels associated with stress. To induce laughter in an engineering context, two primary approaches have been explored: one based on emotional contagion, such as hearing others’ laughter, and another based on the psychophysiological feedback hypothesis, such as facial feedback. This study proposes a novel method for inducing laughter based on the latter approach, focusing on guiding respiration as an interoceptive sensation. Interoceptive sensations serve as a foundation for emotions and may also be effective in facilitating laughter. To examine an appropriate method for guiding respiration, we investigated the influence of respiration just before laughter-inducing stimuli on facial expression changes associated with laughter. Additionally, we examined the relationship between the amount of remaining air in the lungs at the onset of laughter and the magnitude of facial expression changes. Furthermore, we verified whether guiding respiration could effectively modulate these responses. The results showed a tendency for greater facial expression changes when participants exhaled just before the laughter-inducing stimulus. Moreover, facial expression changes were more pronounced when there was less residual air at the onset of laughter. However, no significant effect of respiration guidance on amplifying facial expression changes was observed. These findings suggest that exhaling just before a laughter-inducing stimulus and maintaining a state of low remaining air in the lungs at the moment when laughter occurs may be conducive to inducing laughter. However, no effect of voluntary respiration control on laughter induction was observed.