In Linköping, Sweden, robots are roaming the streets. Since 2020, autonomous buses are traveling parts of Campus Valla and Vallastaden, in a research project called Ride the Future. In this living lab, the buses are running in non-traffic separated environments, something that has been observed as a challenge needing interaction design solutions. One of the biggest challenges in this non-traffic separated environment is the interaction with bicyclists; a typical reason for emergency brake activation is that bicyclists overtaking the bus reenter the right lane too early and trigger the emergency brake on the bus. This leads to unpleasant user experience for the passengers of the bus and reduces the efficiency of the transit system. In a multi-case study exploring eHMI solutions for solving this challenge, the authors have identified that projection-based eHMI systems show promise for being suitable for this type of traffic environment. This has been tested via a IDEO-inspired “quick and dirty” prototyping in situ, and a VR simulator study using a bicycle simulator and an environment built in Blender and Unreal Engine. The authors also propose two dimensions for eHMI communication; intent (corroborating prior research) and worldview. These two dimensions can be used for designing future eHMIs for autonomous vehicles.

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Not Throwing Cyclists Under the (Autonomous) Bus

  • Torbjörn Andersson,
  • Fredrik Henriksson

摘要

In Linköping, Sweden, robots are roaming the streets. Since 2020, autonomous buses are traveling parts of Campus Valla and Vallastaden, in a research project called Ride the Future. In this living lab, the buses are running in non-traffic separated environments, something that has been observed as a challenge needing interaction design solutions. One of the biggest challenges in this non-traffic separated environment is the interaction with bicyclists; a typical reason for emergency brake activation is that bicyclists overtaking the bus reenter the right lane too early and trigger the emergency brake on the bus. This leads to unpleasant user experience for the passengers of the bus and reduces the efficiency of the transit system. In a multi-case study exploring eHMI solutions for solving this challenge, the authors have identified that projection-based eHMI systems show promise for being suitable for this type of traffic environment. This has been tested via a IDEO-inspired “quick and dirty” prototyping in situ, and a VR simulator study using a bicycle simulator and an environment built in Blender and Unreal Engine. The authors also propose two dimensions for eHMI communication; intent (corroborating prior research) and worldview. These two dimensions can be used for designing future eHMIs for autonomous vehicles.