In order to investigate the impact of time pressure on error processing, two groups of subjects with distinct personality traits (high neuroticism and low neuroticism) were selected based on the Big Five personality inventory. The behavioral outcomes of these groups under time pressure were compared. By integrating event-related potentials and time-frequency analysis, differences in EEG characteristics were examined to explore how personality influences the error processing mechanism both with and without time pressure. The results indicated that personality did not have a direct effect on error awareness or behavioral correction ability. However, subjects in the high neuroticism group exhibited a greater need for cognitive control and performed better under time pressure, although they were slightly less adept at error detection and showed lower levels of alertness and attention.