The aim of the work is to clarify the impact of the key rate on the policy of finished goods inventory management, sales and logistics in agricultural organizations. The work uses data on the dynamics of grain prices in Russia, on the basis of which a model of seasonal growth of the corresponding prices was formed for comparison with losses from freezing capital in finished goods inventories when changing the key rate of the Bank of Russia. Changes in the regulator’s key rate affect not only the profitability of deposits and the cost of loans for agricultural organizations, but also the policy of finished goods inventory management, sales and logistics. The higher the key rate, the higher the losses of agricultural organizations from freezing capital in finished goods inventories, and, consequently, the higher the level of economic feasibility of intensifying sales through price discounts, expanding the geography of consumers, including through sales under CPT (Incoterms) conditions. The functions of the effect of waiting for price growth (including seasonal) and losses from freezing capital in finished product stocks, which are relevant for crop production and winemaking, have a multidirectional nature and do not necessarily overlap. Taking both of these functions into account is the basis for making optimal decisions in the policy of managing stocks and logistics in agricultural organizations. Economic and mathematical modeling of the considered functions based on data from 2012 to 2018 in crop production in Russia showed that the economic effect of waiting for seasonal grain price growth exceeds the losses from freezing capital in finished product stocks until the key rate exceeds 30% per annum.