Flood Risk Assessment and Hydrological Response Modelling in the Bhimgoda Region, Upper Ganga Basin, India
摘要
Flooding is one of the most devastating natural disasters, significantly impacting human lives, infrastructure, and ecosystems. This study focuses on the Upper Ganga Basin, a region highly vulnerable to flooding. The research employs hydrological and hydraulic modelling using HEC-HMS and HEC-RAS to simulate flood events and map inundation patterns for a region of the Upper Ganga Basin whose outlet point was taken at the Bhimgoda barrage. Daily precipitation data acquired from IMD from 2006 to 2023 were used as an input for HEC-HMS and in the construction of IDF curves. This study was conducted for a return period of 2, 5, 10, 25, 50, and 100 years. Peak discharge for different return periods was acquired from HEC-HMS, which was demonstrated as a hydrograph. This peak discharge value was used as an input in HEC-RAS, which in turn was used to formulate flood inundation maps for different return periods. This study investigates the geomorphological changes induced by extreme floods and evaluates their impact on the nearby region. Flood inundation maps derived from the model can be utilized to assess the spatial extent of flooding under various scenarios, providing critical insights into high-risk zones. These findings can further be utilized to make informed flood management strategies and enhance early warning systems in flood-prone areas.