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In the contemporary context of swiftly growing human populations and dwindling arable land resources, sustainable agriculture is deemed an indispensable component of agricultural methodologies. Since soil is a natural substrate for plant growth, better soil is thought to be a crucial predictor of producing high-quality food. The resource of soil has been neglected and placed in danger due to increased food production, urbanization. Numerous issues, including soil fertility depletion and degradation, loss of soil organic carbon (SOC) and biodiversity, salinization, acidification, pollution, and soil erosion and degradation, have put “soil health” in jeopardy. Critical soil functions, ecological services, and food production are all significantly hampered by these processes of land degradation. Decreased soil organic carbon (SOC) content, deteriorating soil health, loss of soil resilience, and low crop productivity can be caused by management practices like over-tilling delicate soils and removing excessive residue, or by the loss of rich topsoil due to wind, water, or tillage erosion. The quantity of heavy metals, soluble salts, and hazardous compounds has a significant impact on the quality of soil. Additional factors that limit the amount of land that may be used for crop production include soil erosion, waterlogging, toxicity, deficiency in certain minerals, and incorrect tillage methods. In order to boost crop yield and satisfy the world’s food demands, sustainable soil management (SSM) and conservation are crucial. Sustainable soil management (SSM) is therefore necessary to protect this valuable resource. Sustainable management aims to improve soil health and crop yields. However, the benefits of these techniques primarily depend on the soil and climate of the area. FAO states that “soil management is sustainable if the cultural, regulating, provisioning, and supporting services offered by soil are maintained or enhanced without significantly impairing either biodiversity or the soil functions that enable those services”. In order to improve soil functions, this chapter discusses the definition, significance, difficulties, and different tactics and techniques of soil health and soil organic carbon. It also aims to lessen soil erosion and degradation.

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Soil Conservation Techniques and Adaptive Management Practices for Climate-Resilient Agriculture

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Ria Bhattacharya,
  • Shyamal Kumar Mondal

摘要

In the contemporary context of swiftly growing human populations and dwindling arable land resources, sustainable agriculture is deemed an indispensable component of agricultural methodologies. Since soil is a natural substrate for plant growth, better soil is thought to be a crucial predictor of producing high-quality food. The resource of soil has been neglected and placed in danger due to increased food production, urbanization. Numerous issues, including soil fertility depletion and degradation, loss of soil organic carbon (SOC) and biodiversity, salinization, acidification, pollution, and soil erosion and degradation, have put “soil health” in jeopardy. Critical soil functions, ecological services, and food production are all significantly hampered by these processes of land degradation. Decreased soil organic carbon (SOC) content, deteriorating soil health, loss of soil resilience, and low crop productivity can be caused by management practices like over-tilling delicate soils and removing excessive residue, or by the loss of rich topsoil due to wind, water, or tillage erosion. The quantity of heavy metals, soluble salts, and hazardous compounds has a significant impact on the quality of soil. Additional factors that limit the amount of land that may be used for crop production include soil erosion, waterlogging, toxicity, deficiency in certain minerals, and incorrect tillage methods. In order to boost crop yield and satisfy the world’s food demands, sustainable soil management (SSM) and conservation are crucial. Sustainable soil management (SSM) is therefore necessary to protect this valuable resource. Sustainable management aims to improve soil health and crop yields. However, the benefits of these techniques primarily depend on the soil and climate of the area. FAO states that “soil management is sustainable if the cultural, regulating, provisioning, and supporting services offered by soil are maintained or enhanced without significantly impairing either biodiversity or the soil functions that enable those services”. In order to improve soil functions, this chapter discusses the definition, significance, difficulties, and different tactics and techniques of soil health and soil organic carbon. It also aims to lessen soil erosion and degradation.