This chapter covers basic concepts from the field of Narratology. It begins by introducing the field itself, and then goes on to discuss narrator identity, distance, perspective and focalization. This leads to exploring different narrative levels, including embedded narratives, narrative threads, and subordinated discourse. The scope of different narrative elements brings up issues of which character is accessible to others at what level, which involves a further dip into the theory of meaning. Next, the chapter introduces the concept of the audience, different kinds of readers, and audience response. The chapter is rounded up with the introduction of NarrativeML fragment that captures all the narratological distinctions so far. The framework is elaborated in subsequent chapters. Throughout, use is made of Gen AI models to see how they perform in narrative analysis and generation, focusing on these different facets of narrative and violations thereof.