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Microalgae produce biomolecules such as pigments, proteins, and lipids using light and CO2. Their rapid growth and ease of cultivation make them a renewable source for biomolecule production. Microalgae synthesize diverse pigments, including fucoxanthin, phycobilins, carotenoids, and xanthophylls, essential for photosynthesis, photoprotection, and antioxidant defense. These pigments have applications in biotechnology, food, medicine, and cosmetics. This chapter explores the genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying pigment overproduction, focusing on transcription factors, regulatory networks, and enzyme activity. Advances in synthetic biology and metabolic engineering have enabled targeted modifications, including gene deletions and overexpression, to enhance pigment yield. Understanding these interactions provides valuable insights for researchers and industries seeking to optimize microalgal pigment production for various applications.

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Overproduction of Microalgae Pigments: Biochemistry, Genetics, and Molecular Biology Approaches

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Velmurugan Aswini,
  • Srinivasan Ramachandran,
  • Purushothaman Atchuthan,
  • Kodiveri Muthukaliannan Gothandam

摘要

Microalgae produce biomolecules such as pigments, proteins, and lipids using light and CO2. Their rapid growth and ease of cultivation make them a renewable source for biomolecule production. Microalgae synthesize diverse pigments, including fucoxanthin, phycobilins, carotenoids, and xanthophylls, essential for photosynthesis, photoprotection, and antioxidant defense. These pigments have applications in biotechnology, food, medicine, and cosmetics. This chapter explores the genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying pigment overproduction, focusing on transcription factors, regulatory networks, and enzyme activity. Advances in synthetic biology and metabolic engineering have enabled targeted modifications, including gene deletions and overexpression, to enhance pigment yield. Understanding these interactions provides valuable insights for researchers and industries seeking to optimize microalgal pigment production for various applications.