What is specific about methods in European public policy research? This chapter focuses on the most important research methods that have been employed in this dynamic sub-discipline, particularly highlighting its possible European specificities. It begins by delineating policy as the subject matter, along with the origins and characteristics of public policy research and the specific implications these bring for data collection and data analysis. When considering public policy as a sub-discipline of political science in Europe, analysis of policy largely dominates over analysis for policy approaches. Yet we also discuss the application orientation of public policy analysis and to what extent both approaches can be complementary. The chapter maps general social science methods across three different branches of European public policy research: objectivist large-N research, objectivist small-N research, and interpretive small-N research. The latter, with its specific methods such as ethnography, holds a particularly strong position in Europe and may be regarded as one of the region’s specificities in public policy research. Finally, we discuss potentials and limitations of the presented methodological approaches. The chapter concludes with a call for policy scholars to utilise a broad range of methods from the available methodological toolbox.