Pastoralists are among the most adversely impacted by climate change. This chapter explores the challenges and prospects of pastoralist livelihoods in the Global South in the context of climate change, focusing on resilience frameworks. Pastoralists in this region face significant challenges due to climate-induced droughts, land degradation, and the loss of grazing lands, which threaten their traditional way of life and food security. Despite these challenges, traditional resilience practices, such as transhumance, communal grazing land management, and the preservation of indigenous knowledge, continue to play a crucial role in sustaining pastoral systems. These practices allow communities to adapt to environmental variability, fostering resilience in the face of climate stress. Additionally, technological innovations such as mobile weather applications, early warning systems, and market access tools are increasingly supporting pastoralists by providing timely information for better decision-making, enhancing their capacity to mitigate climate risks. However, the sustainability of pastoralist systems remains uncertain, as climate change exacerbates existing pressures and requires continuous adaptation strategies. The future of pastoralist livelihoods in the Global South depends on their ability to diversify income sources, access new markets, and receive policy support to safeguard their practices. These prospects are vital for the long-term survival of pastoral communities, as they navigate the complexities of climate change while striving for sustainable and resilient livelihoods.