Autonomous Delivery Vehicles (ADV), as an innovative tool for smart delivery, have drawn considerable attention due to their high efficiency, low cost, and environmentally friendly attributes, making them a promising solution to the last mile delivery problem. However, their widespread adoption depends not only on technical performance but also on user acceptance. Although previous studies have explored the determinants of ADV acceptance, these studies have mainly focused on Western users and given limited attention to vehicle design. Therefore, this study investigates Chinese users with experience in ADV usage, using a scenario-based experiment to explore the influence mechanism of anthropomorphic design on user acceptance. This study primarily examines the mediating effects of perceived humanness, perceived warmth, interaction quality, and competence, while also analyzing the moderating effect of perceived risk on the relationship between anthropomorphic design and user acceptance. These results indicate that anthropomorphic design can enhance user acceptance of ADV from both warmth and competence dimensions, particularly when users perceive high levels of risk. This provides valuable insights for future ADV research.