Neuroregeneration is essential for restoring neural function and repairing injuries in the nervous system. The sub-ventricular and sub-granular zones in the brain are key regions for neural stem cell activity, supporting neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity. These processes are influenced by various factors, including hormones, neurotrophic factors, and neurotransmitters. It has been shown that drugs of abuse, such as alcohol and opioids, disrupt neurotransmission, and alter neurotrophic signaling, thereby impairing neuroregeneration through the inhibition of neurogenesis and induction of neural damage. However, prolonged abstinence from these substances has been shown to promote neuroregeneration and restore neural function. Additionally, several US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved pharmacotherapies for substance use disorders facilitate neural recovery and enhance neurogenesis, although some studies report conflicting results. This chapter will aid in propelling more effective therapeutic strategies for substance use disorders that reduce drug craving and withdrawal symptoms as well as enhance neuroregeneration.