Gold and golden are kept separate because they are used differently in the poems, in accordance with their respective connotations. Gold appears in seven poems, representing 8% of the total corpus. Its 11 occurrences constitute 5% of the total frequency of colour terms. Golden, appearing in 10 poems, or 11% of the corpus, occurs 16 times, i.e. 7% of the total number of colour terms in the poems. There is no poem in which both gold and golden appear. Scholars who have discussed the connotations of gold are in agreement on its links to wealth, luxury, high value and quality, splendour and the divine, though negative associations with greed, ostentation and boastfulness have also been noted. On the other hand, golden, in addition to its basic colour meaning, often refers to entities with particular value or significance, such as periods of time or situations noted for their success or prosperity. As applied to human beings, we again have the link with success, but also with qualities such as being attractive, fortunate or gifted. Silver occurs three times (1% of the total) in three separate poems (3% of the total) and has associations with value, durability, elegance and extravagance, and also with modernity and the technological world.

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Non-Basic Metonymic Colour Terms Derived from the Names of Metals: Gold(en) and Silver

  • Christopher Butler,
  • Anne-Marie Simon-Vandenbergen

摘要

Gold and golden are kept separate because they are used differently in the poems, in accordance with their respective connotations. Gold appears in seven poems, representing 8% of the total corpus. Its 11 occurrences constitute 5% of the total frequency of colour terms. Golden, appearing in 10 poems, or 11% of the corpus, occurs 16 times, i.e. 7% of the total number of colour terms in the poems. There is no poem in which both gold and golden appear. Scholars who have discussed the connotations of gold are in agreement on its links to wealth, luxury, high value and quality, splendour and the divine, though negative associations with greed, ostentation and boastfulness have also been noted. On the other hand, golden, in addition to its basic colour meaning, often refers to entities with particular value or significance, such as periods of time or situations noted for their success or prosperity. As applied to human beings, we again have the link with success, but also with qualities such as being attractive, fortunate or gifted. Silver occurs three times (1% of the total) in three separate poems (3% of the total) and has associations with value, durability, elegance and extravagance, and also with modernity and the technological world.