Authored by Dr. Nellejet Zorgdrager, this section surveys European perceptions of Sámi reindeer nomadism across four centuries. Drawing on travel accounts, maps, and scholarly works in Latin, German, English, and French, this examination explores how outsiders described the Sámi and reindeer husbandry. Early sources, such as Ziegler, Herberstein, and Olaus Magnus, offered mythologized views that were gradually refined by more empirical accounts from figures like Martinière, Schefferus, Mottraye, Linnaeus, and others. These observers documented Sámi livelihoods and their interactions with reindeer, including herd management, milking, and migration practices. The study reveals how reindeer herding became a subject of European scientific, economic, and religious interest, while Sámi voices and internal perspectives remained largely absent. The text underscores the evolving intersection of curiosity and ethnographic inquiry in shaping knowledge about Arctic Indigenous peoples.