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This study delves into the intricate relationship between rainfall variability and groundwater storage (GWS) across the physiographic divisions of West Bengal over five decades between 1971 and 2020 emphasising the influence of climatic fluctuations. The research evaluates seasonal and annual rainfall patterns in correlation with groundwater storage changes employing advanced statistical techniques such as Mann–Kendall trend analysis, Sen’s slope estimation and wavelet analysisWavelet analysis. Study reveals that Annual rainfall exhibited a marked decline in the Non-Reclaimed SundarbansSundarban (−2.54%), Reclaimed SundarbansSundarban (−1.00%), and Upper Ganga DeltaUpper Ganga delta (−1.00%), while the Himalayan Region showed a modest increase (+1.47%). Where as GWS trends were particularly alarming in the Plateau Fringe (−5.59%) and Barind UplandsBarind upland (−3.39%) during the pre-monsoon season, highlighting the vulnerability of these regions. Conversely, the Medinipur Coastal Plain physiographic area exhibited a moderately positive correlation between rainfall and GWS (r = +0.51), highlights its effective recharge potential. Wavelet analysisWavelet analysis identified rainfall periodicities of 4–7 years in several regions, aligning with El Niño cycles, which disproportionately impacted hydrological responses across different physical divisions. This study clearly advocates integrating global climatic phenomena with regional physiographic as well as climatic data to enhance predictive capabilities and inform sustainable water resource management strategies in vulnerable regions of West Bengal.

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Analysing Trends and Interactions Between Rainfall Variability and Groundwater Storage in West Bengal Across Diverse Physiographic Divisions Over the Last Five Decades

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Sutrisha Ghosh,
  • Nayan Roy,
  • Biplab Banerjee,
  • Rolee Kanchan

摘要

This study delves into the intricate relationship between rainfall variability and groundwater storage (GWS) across the physiographic divisions of West Bengal over five decades between 1971 and 2020 emphasising the influence of climatic fluctuations. The research evaluates seasonal and annual rainfall patterns in correlation with groundwater storage changes employing advanced statistical techniques such as Mann–Kendall trend analysis, Sen’s slope estimation and wavelet analysisWavelet analysis. Study reveals that Annual rainfall exhibited a marked decline in the Non-Reclaimed SundarbansSundarban (−2.54%), Reclaimed SundarbansSundarban (−1.00%), and Upper Ganga DeltaUpper Ganga delta (−1.00%), while the Himalayan Region showed a modest increase (+1.47%). Where as GWS trends were particularly alarming in the Plateau Fringe (−5.59%) and Barind UplandsBarind upland (−3.39%) during the pre-monsoon season, highlighting the vulnerability of these regions. Conversely, the Medinipur Coastal Plain physiographic area exhibited a moderately positive correlation between rainfall and GWS (r = +0.51), highlights its effective recharge potential. Wavelet analysisWavelet analysis identified rainfall periodicities of 4–7 years in several regions, aligning with El Niño cycles, which disproportionately impacted hydrological responses across different physical divisions. This study clearly advocates integrating global climatic phenomena with regional physiographic as well as climatic data to enhance predictive capabilities and inform sustainable water resource management strategies in vulnerable regions of West Bengal.