This study explores the socio-demographic and economic effects of ruralRural out-migrationOut-migration in West Bengal's Koch Bihar District. In the district, ruralRural out-migration has grown significantly due to reasons like low agricultural output, unemployment, and the desire for better chances for employmentEmployment. The study takes a mixed-method approach to investigate how the movement affected the local economy, householdHousehold structures, and agricultural practices, as well as its reasons. Primary data was collected through surveys and interviews with 272 migrating householdsHousehold from the 12 Community Development blocks (CD blocks). The study finds that out-migrationOut-migration has significantly changed occupational structure, wages, incomes, expenditures, working skills, use of dresses, languages, child education and remittancesRemittance that support householdsHousehold in ruralRural communities. Gender rolesGender roles frequently vary as a result of the increasing duties placed on parents, women, siblings, and children in migrant homes. In addition, the district's economy that depends largely on agricultureAgriculture faces productivity issues as a result of the exodus of young, competent workers. According to the research, migration poses serious long-term obstacles to the district's sustainable ruralRural development, notwithstanding its benefits in certain areas. The study concludes by recommending policy interventions to balance the migration-driven economic benefits with local development needs.